Papa Bear's Torngats Page

The Torngat Mountains of Northern Labrador and Quebec

(Photo of Mount Caubvick)
Mount Caubvick/Mont d'Iberville from Ice-blue Tarn
Photo: Hazen Russell, Iapetus Ocean Expeditions (1982)
Click on this or any image for a large version

Click here for an album of photos of the Torngats
 
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T

his page is dedicated to information on the Torngat Mountains, a remote and rugged area which lies at the north end of the Labrador / Quebec peninsula. This peninsula, with the Labrador Sea (Atlantic Ocean) on the east and Ungava Bay on the west, is the northernmost continental landmass on the east coast of Canada. North of this peninsula lies Baffin Island and the other Canadian Arctic Islands. The Torngats include the highest Canadian peaks east of the Rockies on the continental mainland. The word "Torngat" means "place of the spirits" or "place of the devil" in the Inuit language. The mountains were considered places of magic and mystery by the natives, whose livelihood kept them on the coast since the bounty of the sea fed and clothed them. They seldom ventured inland where the highest peaks were. The chief spirit or devil said to inhabit the area was known as "Torngak".

The descriptions and lists on this page includes the Kaumajet Mountains (Kaumajet means "shining-top" in the Inuit language), which is a small range on the coast near Cape Mugford and the Kiglapait Mountains (which means "sierra" or "saw-tooth"), another coastal range near the village of Nain.

I'm known in the hiking community as "Papa Bear" (also know in real life as Richard) and I hope to explore this remote area in the near future, and I have begun to collect all the information I can on the area, including accessibility, terrain, mountains, rivers, etc. This page is a way for me to organize this information and to make it available to others who may be interested.

The information on this page is from varied sources, largely from the internet, and is as accurate as I could make it. I would like to especially thank Hazen Russell, Jack Bennett, John Stix and Stephen Loutrel for many nuggets of information. They have all "been there, done that". There is no substitute for first hand information and I am grateful for their help in answering my many questions. Secondly I owe a great debt of gratitude to Greg Slayden who, together with myself (and working largely from rather poor on-line maps of the region) built the basic peak database that I relied on for my peak lists.

I hope you find this page informative, and furthermore that you may be inspired to find your way up there some time in the future. Any and all information or questions you have are more than welcome. In particular if you have any information or links to internet resources on this region that I have missed, please let me know.

Just click here to send me a note.


The Torngat Mountains of Northern Labrador and Quebec
Click on an entry to jump to a particular section:

 
Geography and Geology of the Torngats
 
Maps of the region
 
Established Routes and First Ascents

Caubvick/d'Iberville

Torngasoak

Cirque

Erhart (Margaret Toth)

Jens Haven (Gneissberg)

Selamiut Tower

Peak 5100 (North Caubvick)
 
Starshape
 
Peak 5074 (443295)
 
Razorback
 
Expeditions and Tours
 
List of Peaks by Elevation
 
Bibliography
 


Geography and Geology of the Torngats

This section is under construction. Any good references would be welcome.

http://sts.gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/clf/landscapes_newfoundland.asp
http://www.nationalgeographic.com/wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/na/na1118.html
http://collection.nlc-bnc.ca/100/200/301/ic/can_digital_collections/parks_atlas/chap24/REGION24.html
http://www.aina.ucalgary.ca/astis/


Maps of the region


(Map of Northern Labrador and Quebec)
Northern Labrador and Quebec
Map: Atlas of Canada
M

aps, maps don't we all just love maps! Well, I do. Unfortunately the number and quality of maps of this region is fairly limited. There are a few large scale maps on the internet (like the one here) but they show no real detail. The only on-line service for topographic maps that I am aware of is the government site Toporama. You can drill down on this site to 1:250,000 scale maps and from there to 1:50,000 maps. But these are very crude digitizations: there are contour lines but they are not labeled, there are very few feature names and worst, they are not to scale. They are scaled as if latitude and longitude were equal, degree for degree. At high latitudes (such as the Torngats) this gives an almost 2:1 distortion. Alas, there is nothing comperable to Topozone available, at least for northern Labrador and Quebec.

Paper maps of the Torngats are available in the regular 1:50,000 Canadian NTS series. These maps were made from photometric images from the 1960s, and were produced in the mid 1970s. The contour interval is 100' and the Datum used is NAD27 Canada. They are available for the entire area and they suffice for most hiking and climbing purposes. One nice thing about the Canadian maps that I wish US maps had, is a UTM grid overlay. Every 1000m square is laid out with the appropriate UTM coordinates. This makes finding locations and UTM way points much easier than on a US map. See below for more on UTM notation. I found a good source for ordering copies to be Map Town, Ltd of Calgary. I ordered mine on-line and they arrived in less than a week.

As a help in finding which map you may need, I have included a column for the NTS map number in the peak listings below on this page. The area where most of the most popular peaks are found (if you can call one or two groups visiting per year "popular") is NTS map #14L13. This includes the entire Selamiut range which includes Caubvick/d'Iberville, Torngasoak and Cirque, the 3 highest peaks of the Torngats. It covers an area from just south of the Nachvak Fiord south to the headwaters of the Koroc River and from the Tallek Arm on the west past Cirque Mountain on the east, and includes 9 of the 12 5000' peaks in the Torngats. If you are doing a highpointing trip for Caubvick/d'Iberville, landing on the Koroc River gravel flats, this one map is probably all you will need.

It is my observation that the published NTS maps of the region tend to show sharp peaks and arêtes (knife edges) as being lower than they are. I would guess equipment used to scan the aerial photos in the 1960s did not have the required resolution to show the sharpest features. For example, although its hard to make out, the topographic map has the highest contour around the Caubvick/d'Iberville peak as 5200', 200' lower than it is.

Latitude and Longitude vs. UTM notation: the locations of the peaks in the lists below is given in latitude and longitude (Datum: NAD27 Canada) giving degrees and decimal fractions thereof. Most atlases and gazatteers use latitude and longitude so this was thought to be the best choice. However, many users of GPS equipment prefer UTM coordinates, and in fact the NTS maps are very conveniently overlaid with UTM grid lines at 1000m intervals. UTM (Universal Transverse Mercator) notation uses a system that includes a "zone" for a large area (which is "20 V" for this entire region) followed by a six digit number giving the number of meters east of the zone boundary (called "easting") and a seven digit number giving the number of meters north of the zone boundary (called "northing"). For example, the full UTM location of Mount Caubvick/Mont d'Iberville is 20V 459054 6527522. This is accutate to 1m (much more accurate than the map). You can use your GPS to make the conversion from Lat/Long to UTM, but I have found a very useful on-line conversion procedure which will translate between the two systems on Bivouac.com: UTM converter. To use the procedure, select "NAD27Canada" in the "Input:" box, paste in the latitude/longitude from one of the lists below (take out the space between Lat and Long) and click on "Convert". Voila!

Abbreviated UTM notation: as an aid to quickly finding locations on the NTS maps, I will often use an "abbreviated" UTM notation in giving locations. The full UTM notation as explained above is rather cumbersome. I will use an abbreviated form using just 3 digits of easting (omitting the first digit and the last 2 digits) and 3 of northing (omitting the first 2 digits and the last 2 digits). The pair of numbers in this notation is accurate to 100 meters for both east/west and north/south (probably the accuracy you could read off the map without carefully measuring it with a ruler). Thus the Caubvick/d'Iberville location becomes 591275 (591 is the abbreviated easting, 275 is the abbreviated northing). Since the first two digits of each set of three are given as labels to the grid lines on all NTS maps, it would be very quick to find this on the 14L13 map - just find "59" along the bottom and "27" along the side, trace up and find the square on the map for 59,27, and then use the last digit of each coordinate to get an approximate postion within the square. The last digits are the number of tenths of the square over and up from the lower left corner. Thus Caubvick/dIbervill is near the left side of the square (1 tenth) and half way up (5 tenths). This abbreviated UTM notation is sometimes called "military notation".

A note on the names "Mont d'Iberville" and "Mount Caubvick": the border between Quebec and Labrador has historically been defined as the watershed divide for rivers flowing east (Labrador) and those flowing west (Quebec). The highest point on this divide was unnamed untill 1971. The name "Mont d'Iberville" was given to this never-climbed mountain by the Province of Quebec in that year to honor Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville, a 17th century French-Canadian naval hero (but no hero to the English). It was first climbed in 1973 by two American climbers. In 1977 the mountain was remeasured from the original photogrammetric images and found to be the highest mountain in the region (a distinction which first belonged to Cirque Mountain and then Torngasoak Mountain, both entirely within Labrador). In 1978 a party of climbers discovered that there was a higher point a few yards north of the watershed divide and thus entirely within Labrador. They dubbed this higher peak "L1" for Labrador #1. (Several of the climbing reports from the late 1970s use "L1" as the name of this peak.) So with the highest point in the region now known to be in Labrador, the province of Newfoundland & Labrador gave it the name "Mount Caubvick" in 1981 in honor of one of the Inuits who accompanied George Cartwright to England in 1772. So although most gazatteers refer to this as a single mountain with two alternate names, I have used the convention which is customary among climbers that d'Iberville (5419') is the high point on the divide (and the highest point in the province of Quebec) and Caubvick (5420') is the slightly higher peak entirely within Labrador (and the highest peak in the province of Newfoundland & Labrador). On this page, when I refer to the mountain as a whole, I will use the name "Caubvick/d'Iberville". When I refer to a specific peak, I will use the individual name.

Toporama maps: to get you oriented, and to give you an idea of what the on-line Toporama maps look like, here are links to the 4 quads around the Nachvak Fiord, which I would consider the most interesting area with the highest concentration of high prominence peaks:

 
NTS #24P01, Kormaktorvik Lakes
NTS #24I16, Mount Silene
NTS #14M04, Nachvak Fiord
NTS #14L13, Cirque Mountain

Other resources from the internet: I have found a few map and geography related sites that may be of some value to you:

 
Peakbagger.com Greg Sleyden's peak bagger site contains perhaps the most comprehensive set of lists for peaks world-wide. His lists for Eastern Canada covers the Torngats, Kaumajets and Kiglapaits. The data included in the peak list on his site and below derives from Greg's and my own work. Reports of Greg's own exploits complete this excellent site.
 
Peaklist.org This is a relatively new site by Aaron Maizlish which explains in great detail the theory of topographic prominence and includes maps and peak lists for many areas including the Torngat Mountains.
 
Bivouac.com This site is a well-spring of information on mountains and climbing in Canada. It is run by members who are hikers and climbers who do a terrific job in building perhaps the best encyclopedia of mountains available for Canada. Membership costs $25 per year, and I highly recommend you join if you have an interest in hiking and climbing in Canada. Their section on the Torngats is modest at present but it will hopefully expand in the future.
 
The Atlas of Canada This site allows a lookup of arbitrary place names (Click on "Find a Place" at the top of the list on the left of the screen) and will display a number of map types, such as political, geology, relief, drainage basins, etc.
 
The Geographical Names Board of Canada is another government site which allows looking up arbitrary names. It has a more complete names database but the maps are rather rudimentary. But the site is quick and has no quirks.
 
oCanada.ca is a site that gives many facts and figures about Canada including a page of geography and one on mountain ranges.
 
Toporama For completeness I have included this site again on this list. As mentioned, one can use this site to drill down into any Canadian region and display 1:250,000 and 1:50,000 scale maps. As stated above, they lack many essentials.
 
Expedia.com This is a commercial site devoted to travel which has fairly complete maps of Canada (as well as the rest of the world). They are typical MapPoint renderings such as you would get from Microsoft.


Established Routes and First Ascents

The Selamiut Range and adjacent mountains

(Photo of Selamiuts)
The major Selamiut Peaks seen from the Minaret Ridge
Panoramic photo: Chris Rush (2004)
Click here for an an annotated version

The Selamiut Range, lying between Nachvak Fiord on the North, The Koroc River on the South, The Tallek Arm and Palmer River on the west and the McCormick and Stecker Rivers on the east, is in many ways the heart of the Torngats. The greatest concentraion of high peaks lie here, the provincial boundary between Newfoundland & Labrador and Quebec cuts across it, and perhaps most importantly to climbers and hikers, it has ready access both from the north (Nachvak Fiord via boat or float plane) and from the south (Koroc River gravel flats via Twin Otters). Together with the significant mountains lying east of the McCormick River (including Cirque, Cladonia, Starshape, and Quartzite) and west of the Palmer River, this area is justifiably the number one destination for those who want to get the most out of their trip to the Torngats.

The word "Selamiut" in the Inuit language means "Sky dwellers" which the natives used to refer to the northern lights (aurora borialis) which in legend were the dancing spirits of the dead.

The East: The McCormick River valley:

(Photo of McCormick Valley)
The McCormick River valley
Nachvak Fiord visible in the distance
Photo: Geological Survey of Canada (1982)

Access: Access to the McCormick River valley is generally via Nachvak Fiord either by boat from Nain or by float plane. Boats are generally more reliable weather-wise but the trip from Nain will take 3 days and renting the services of one or more of these fishing boats for a 2 or 3 week period may be problematic. Float planes can make the trip in several hours but due to unpredctable weather, especially high winds and the lack of any local weather stations, makes this means problematic as well.

Another route to the McCormick River valley is overland from the Koroc River valley to the south, by crossing the Quebec/Labrador divide at the Koroc headwaters at about 2500'. This route was used by Goetze and Adler in 1973 and may be attractive given the fact that air service to the upper Koroc valley is available from Air Inuit using Twin Otters from Kuujjuaq, PQ (see below).

Base Camps: The lower McCormick valley is best hiked on the east bank due to boggy areas near the mouth on the west side and the greater number of glacial melt streams entering from the west requiring tricky fords.

The first choice for a base camp (used by Chipeniuk et al, 1978) is on the west side of the river just north (downstream) of where Cirque Brook enters from the east. One major ford is required at this point (a few hundred yards north of the confluence). This point is about 6 miles (10 km) south and 700' above the Nachvak Fiord, at location 613344 on map 14L13.

A higher base camp (used by Rogerson, Russell and Kelliher in 1982 and 1983) is at the base of the Minaret Glacier, at the very foot of Mount Caubvick/Mont d'Iberville, right where two small tarns are fed by this glacier (location 615285). They were engaged in summer-long research and so the longer trek to this camp was justified. This area is about 4 miles (6.5 km) and nearly 2000' further up the valley. Those who may enter the McCormick valley from the south via the Koroc should consider a base camp in this area.

The South: The Koroc River valley:

(Photo of Landing Site)
Koroc Ilaku
The Landing site on the Upper Koroc
Photo: Chris Rush (2004)
Access: Air Inuit, a charter sevice, operates flights between Kuujjuaq, PQ and a gravel bar on the upper Koroc River (known as Korok Ilkalu, location 668148), about 9 miles (14.5 km) south of Mount Caubvick/Mont d'Iberville. This landing spot is about a days or a day and a halfs hike from a suitable base camp closer to the mountains. In 1996 Bennett, et al. brought along inflatable boats with which they planned to make their way back to Ungava Bay by running the Koroc to its outlet. This was in part a cost saving alternative and in part a means to add on another adventure to their mountain climbing trek. Using Air Innuit's Twin Otter aircraft, and with a larger complement of climbers, it would be economical to charter flights both in and out. The payload limit for the filght from Kuujjuaq to Korok Ilkalu is 2500 lbs which would accomodate 9-10 climbers, fully equiped. At this time the cost is about $6,000 for one flight, so with a party of this size the price becomes bearable.

Base Camp: From the landing area on the upper Koroc it is about 2 miles (3 km) west (downstream) to where the stream which drains the west side of Caubvick/d'Iberville enters the Koroc. Parties should ford the Koroc at the landing site before moving downstream. Bennett, et al. (1996) camped the first night at this stream before heading up the streams valley to their base camp. They also had the advantage of floating their gear down the Koroc in the inflatable boats so they were able to pitch camp the first night 4 hours after leaving Kuujjuaq. The next day they hiked easily up the valley to their base camp, a distance of about 6 miles (10 km) with an elevation gain of about 1000' in less than 5 hours. The camp was near a small lake at the foot of the Koroc Ridge, location 583233.

From the Koroc to the McCormick valley: another possibility is to hike in the opposite direction, upstream, and bear left (north) up the Koroc valley in order to reach the provincial divide and over to to the headwaters of the McCormick River. It is about 1.5 miles (2.5 km) to the point (location 692154) where the river bears left and another 6 miles (10 km) with about 1500' of elevation gain to the height of land (location 665235). From there it is about 4-5 miles (6-8 km) further to the area east of Caubvick/d'Iberville (location 646282) where a suitable camp can be made. Past the provincial divide the route first follows the Stecker River to its headwaters before one reaches a second divide and the headwaters of the McCormick, which lies due east of Caubvick/d'Iberville. From this point it would be possible to make climbs of Cirque Mountain, to the north-east as well as Caubvick/d'Iberville, and from a base camp another 3 miles (5 km) north (downstream) one could make climbs of many of the central Selamiuts. See the section above on the McCormick valley for more information.

The West: The Tallek Arm and the Palmer River valley:

Several Parties have approached the Selamiut area from Nachvak Fiord and set up base camps at the end of the Tallek Arm where the Palmer River empties into this arm of the fiord.

Adler et al. (1975) paddled by kayak along the entire Labrador coast in 1975 from Nain to the northern terminus of the peninsula. On their return trip south they entered Nachvak Fiord and paddled the 20 or so miles west to where the Tallek Arm extends another 8 miles south from the main body of the fiord. They established a camp at the southern end of the Arm. From their base camp the made ascents of Torngasoak (a first ascent) and of Inuit and Packard across the fiord to the north.

The Dartmouth group (1979) arrived by chartered float-plane and from their camp they made ascents of Silene, Peak 4900 (438315) and Peak 5074 (443295) to the west, Torngasoak to the east and Peak 5100 (North Caubvick) to the south-east.

It is thought that an unidentified group climbed Caubvick/d'Iberville from this area, hiking upstream along the Palmer River about 3 miles to a small stream which enters from the east at about 492295 and then following the stream about 3 miles east (to 542298) and then 2 miles south-east to a lake at 559275 from which point the Koroc Ridge can be gained at a col above the lake at 563267.


Mount Caubvick/Mont d'Iberville
(5420'; 58° 53.24' -63° 42.62'; 590275; Map: 14L13)

Topographic Map of Caubvick/d'Iberville: Click for map.

(Photo of Mount Caubvick)
Mount Caubvick/Mont d'Iberville from the south-east
showing the Minaret (foreground), Koroc and North Ridges
Photo: Hazen Russell, Iapetus Ocean Expeditions (1982)

Route: The Minaret Ridge: (from the east)

(Photo of Minaret Ridge)
The Minaret Ridge,
forming an S-curve to the summit
viewed from the upper "football field"
Photo: Chris Rush (2004)
Christopher Goetze and Michael Adler, 1973 (first ascent): Goetze, Adler and Bruce Jordan had set up a base camp at around 2500' near the headwaters of the McCormick River. They had trekked overland to that point from the Saglek Fiord, approximately 40 miles to the south. Prior to that they had travelled by kayak along the coast from Nain, a distance of over 100 miles.

From their base camp the party ascended the long east ridge which extends from the headwall of the Minaret Glacier eastward to the McCormick valley, a distance of about 3 miles. The headwall was traversed (about another mile) to the point where the ridgeline of the Minaret Spur comes in from the north-east, an uncharacteristically flat area now colloquially called the upper "football field". There they reached the technical part of the Minaret Ridge. Traversing this part of the Minaret Ridge to the summit was extremely trying given the weather and physical condition the climbers were in.

To quote Christopher Goetze: "The ridge along which we were proceeding, though leading fairly directly to the summit, was being undermined by two large glacial cirques, one on each side. The ridge became gently overhanging on the right and then narroweed to a sharp exposed ridge, given to gendarmes and minarets. We soon reached a point where we had to break out what rope we had and leave Bruce behind, since his experience did not cover this kind of climbing. We wound around pinnacle after pinnacle, glancing past our feet now into one cirque, now into the other, and belaying with our rear ends cold and wet from sitting on fresh snow which had fallen in the last two days. As we did not reach the summit for another three hours, there was ample opportunity to reflect on the exposed position we had come to. ..."

"The Limmer boots that had carried me so far were beginning to delaminate in the soles. Our rope was a 100-foot piece of quarter-inch nylon braid knotted together from two 50-foot kayak painters. Of pitons, carabiners and the usual jangling paraphernalia we had none. But this to me was real mountaineering -- no EMS catalogful of shining equipment, no test-tube conditions of the Gunks climbs, no weather reports, no radio contact with a base camp, no flight checks -- just us doing our best to get up a peak probably nobody had ever thought of climbing before ... We were on our own resources and we knew it. And that's what this business is all about."

"It was 5:00 P.M. when we got to the summit and the air was getting colder. We had nothing to eat and dinner was a long way off. Would bears have cleaned out our campsite while we were gone? ... Perhaps our boats were being destroyed this very minute by some arctic rodents. ... for the moment we put (these thoughts) out of our minds and leaned contentedly against the small cairn we had hastily built. To the east Bruce was a small red speck beyond the minarets. To the northeast we could see the ocean, covered with pack ice to the horizon. North of us were the calm shadowed waters of a large fiord 5,500 feet below us. To the west mountains became gentler, petering out to the ocean again beyond the horizon, while to the south we could follow the route we had walked through the interior rolling lowlands. It was a vast and beautiful land."

(Goetze, Christopher, "Sketches of an Arctic Trip", Appalachia, June 1974)

Ray Chipeniuk, Ron Parker and Erik Sheer, 8/14/1978: leaving their base camp at 5:00 AM the team hiked nearly due south following the stream that leads between Adler Lookout on the east and Mount Erhart (Margaret Toth) on the west, passing Stone Ring Falls before crossing Gneiss Brook (entering from the west). They followed dIberville Brook for about 2.5 miles (4 km) between the two mountains until they reached the foot of the Minaret Glacier. They decided to climb the Minaret Spur on the north (right hand side of the Minaret Glacier) rather than attempt a climb from Ice Blue Tarn. They followed the lateral moraine on the right hand side of the glacier and thence scrambled up onto the Minaret Spur.

Once on the Spur they made rapid progress for about .6 miles (1 km) where they gained views of the Minaret Ridge and the peak beyond in the clouds. Between the spur and the Minaret Ridge was section of 30' or 40' of exposed cracks and ridge scrambling (YDS 5.0) beginning with a steep step. Then they gained the headwall of the glacier and soon arrived at another step and the beginning of the ridge itself. A cairn was found here, presumably built by the 1973 party.

(Photo of Minaret Ridge)
Climbing the final pitch of the Minaret Ridge
to the Caubvick/d'Iberville peak
Photo: Hazen Russell, Iapetus Ocean Expeditions (1982)
The Ridge or arête had an appearance worse than the reality. It has a ragged crest and a number of gendarmes which overhang on the right hand (north) side. It was much easier going by tending to the left hand (south) side of these obstacles where the terrain consisted of ledges and broken rocks. The ridge was done unroped and (disregarding exposure) had a difficulty of not more than YDS 5.2. After about two hours on the ridge the team passed a false summit and climbed the last steep pitch to the summit together, 7 1/2 hours after leaving camp.

Quoting Ray Chipeniuk: "A glorious panorama spread out on every side. Eastward were sharp coastal peaks and icebergs on the blue Labrador Current ... Southward the vast trench of Koroc River ... Westward the Tallek Arm and rivers beyond ... Northward the dark blue of Nachvak Fiord on the other side of which marched one tangle of mountains after another ...

"There was something else ... The (summit) was the intersection of three ridges. Along two of those ridges, the Minaret and the Koroc, ran the Quebec-Newfoundland border. Some ten meters out along the third or "North" ridge, and by just so much in Newfoundland-Labrador territory, was the summit of the mountain, the highest point in Canada east of the Rockies and south of Baffin Island. ... someone proposed that, until such time the province of Newfoundland confers an official name, it should be called "L1" -- "L" for Labrador, "1" for highest." (This was peak was subsequently named "Mount Caubvick" in 1981)

(1978 Torngat Mountain Expedition, A Report to the Newfoundland Dept. of Tourism, Ray Chipeniuk, 1979.)

Route: The West Face of L1 (Caubvick): (from the West Glacier)

(Photo of North Ridge)
The West Face (right) and North Ridge
of Caubvick/d'Iberville
Photo: Geological Survey of Canada (1982)
Brian Baxter, Marc Blais and Paul Laperriere, 8/17/1979: a first ascent via this route. The team left their camp on the west glacier and began to climb towards the west face of "L1". Crossing a large bergschrund at the edge of the glacier proved problematical but the team was at the base of the rocks by 8 AM. The difficulties were concentrated in the first three pitches giving climbing up to YDS 5.6 or 5.7. The iced rock and cold made thes first pitches quite exacting. Above was easy climbing (5.0 to 5.3) over unstable rock, leading onto the North Ridge near the summit. The rock face was about 1000' in all. They descended via the Minaret Ridge at the end of which they met a film crew and returned to base camp via a helicopter.

(Baxter, Brian, "Torngat Mountain Expedition 1979", CAJ, Vol. 63, 1980)

Route: The Newfoundland (North) Ridge: (from the east)

Hazen Russell and Tim Kelliher, 7/29/1982: a first ascent via this route.


(Photo of North Ridge)
Climbing onto the North Ridge
at the col from the L1 Glacier
Photo: Hazen Russell, Iapetus Ocean Expeditions (1982)

Route: The Koroc Ridge: (from the south or west)

(Photo from Koroc Ridge)
The Koroc Ridge from the south
showing Caubvick/d'Iberville
Photo: Chris Rush (2004)
Jack Bennett, Tom Bennet, Hope Bennet, and Tony Daffern, 8/14/1997: Probable first ascent via this route. The party left their base camp at 6:10 AM And climbed a steep snow-filled couloir above their camp. Above the couloir the climbed over rocky slabs to the ridge crest. Upon gaining the ridge they could see the upper part of the ridge and the peak itself in the distance. They hiked along this ridge towards the north at a good pace for about 1.5 miles (2.5 km) where the met the east west ridge which formed the provincial boundary. A little farther on they found two cairns left by some earlier party (one or both of these may have been left by Steve Loutrel's party in their 1973 attempt of this ridge).

Past the cairns the ridge became narrow and exposed. Jack Bennett has said this portion of the ridge is "MUCH more exposed than the (knife edge on Borah or Katahdin) ... the Koroc Ridge is only inches wide and terrifically exposed. It takes a lot of macho to walk upright on that edge
(Photo of Koroc Step)
The Koroc Step
Photo: Andrew Lavigne (2004)
with even a little wind blowing. Most people would be on their hands & knees!"

Finally the party came to a notch of softer orange-red rock (the so-called "Koroc Step") with a drop of about 30', requiring an anchor and a rappel down into the notch (YDS 5.6). Past the notch were two pinnacles which were passed on the right and left and then the final steep pitch to the summit. The rope was left in place at the notch for a top belay on the return. The time from leaving base camp to the summit was just over 5 hours.

"Clouds were blowing on and off the summit at times revealing spectacular scenery ... A breathtaking drop on the north side fell away to Ice-Blue Tarn, still frozen in mid-August."

(Not Won in a Day, Jack Bennett, 1999.)


Mount Torngasoak
(5232'; 58° 56.71' -63° 47.44'; 545339; Map: 14L13)

Topographic Map of Torngasoak: Click for map.

Michael Adler, Virginia Adler, Steve Loutrel, Elizabeth Loutrel, Warren Hofstra, 1975 (first ascent): From a base camp at the end of the Tallek Arm the team proceded up a ravine towards the south-east, initially over rock and then over snow, reaching a pond at around 2000'. Continuing south-east they climbed up another rocky ravine to a broad ridge. The route then proceeds north-east along the broad ridge to the summit. Although steep at times, the route was non-technical the entire way.

The party noted a variety of extremely technical routes up virtually every other ascent route. To quote Michael Adler: "The view from the summit is exceptional offering impressive views of the Nachvak Fiord and the other 5000 foot mountains of the region including d'Iberville to the east. The sheer 3000 foot drop off the north side of the mountain is quite extrordinary. Several impressive knife edges with large chunks missing and a large glacier complete the view."

(Adler, Michael, "Mt. Goetze", CAJ, Vol. 63, 1980)


Cirque Mountain
(5144'; 58° 55.26' -63° 33.72'; 676312; Map: 14L13)

Topographic Map of Cirque: Click for map.

(Photo of Cirque Mountain)
Cirque Mountain in the late afternoon sun
View from the Minaret Ridge
Photo: Andrew Lavigne (2004)


Mount Erhart (Margaret Toth)
(5049'; 58° 54.20' -63° 43.22'; 584293; Map: 14L13)

Topographic Map of Erhart: Click for map.

(Photo of Mount Erhart)
Mount Erhart (Margaret Toth)
with Ice Blue Tarn below
Photo: Andrew Lavigne (2004)
The name Margaret Toth memorializes Ron Parker's fiancé who passed away in 1973.

Ray Chipeniuk, Ron Parker and Erik Sheer, 1978 (first ascent): from the base camp on the McCormick River the team ascended via Gneiss Brook, using ledges high above the right (north) bank to bypass Snowbridge Canyon. They ascended the north-east ridge over gently stepped bedrock and consolidated talus and reached the parymidal east peak in less than 5 hours. Ron parker built a cairn.

Since the west peak appeared to be the higher one, they scrambled and boulder hopped for about a half mile along the overhanging arête to the "mildly sensational" west peak. The west peak has a dramatic 1200' south-east face composed of hard grey gneiss. The team estimated that any person in resonably good condition could do the climb in about 5 hours with minimal exposure or danger from loose rock.

In the opinion of the first ascent team, Margaret Toth affords unparallelled views of Caubvick/d'Iberville, the L1 Glacier, Ice Blue Tarn, the "incredible" Grape Blue Tarn and all the farther scenery of this special area.

Decent was made via the talus slope on the north side of the connecting arête to Rockbowl Tarn and thence down Gneiss Brook.

(1978 Torngat Mountain Expedition, A Report to the Newfoundland Dept. of Tourism, Ray Chipeniuk, 1979.)


Jens Haven (Gneissberg)
(5023'; 58° 54.71' -63° 44.20'; 576303; Map: 14L13)

Topographic Map of Jens Haven: Click for map.

(Photo of Jens Haven)
Jens Haven (Gneissberg)
with Erhart in front and Torngasoak behind
Photo: Andrew Lavigne (2004)
The name Gneissberg is a pun on "iceberg", "gneiss" and "inselberg".

John Andrachuk and Erik Sheer, 1978 (first ascent): the climbers approached via the north-east ridge, on which John had put up a route the previous day via an ice couloir to about 3000'. They left base camp at 8:00 and reached the start of ice (about 1925') at 10:30. They cramponed up the couloir for 18 leads terminating around 3100'. Above that they climbed another five 150' pitches over class IV rock (Class IV =~ YDS 5.3 - 5.4), topping out on the ridge plateau at 3500'.

They travelled along the ridge about 2 miles to the great col which is the most distinguishing feature of this mountain. Rather than attempting the unsound red gneiss in the col, they traversed along the south-west face until they were opposite the high point of the summit plateau. They then climbed three rock pitches of difficulty YDS 5.1 - 5.4 straight up the face. Two big gendarmes provided the major obstacles on this route.

They reached the summit at 19:00, about 10:30 hours after setting out. They hurriedly built a cairn and took a few photos and as soon as possible started down.

They retraced their route down and over to the col. But hoping to save time, they contoured along the south-east flank of the mountain rather than climbing and following the ridge from the col. In doing this they were slowed by the need to detour around the heads of several steep gullies. After traversing this face for about a mile they realized that with darkness approaching, they might not find where they had left their ice gear, so they decided to remount the ridge and set about extablishing a crude stone shelter for a bivouac.

Sleeping intermittantly from about midnight till 6:00 the next morning, they started down the ridge, while a snow storm was gathering below them. They downclimbed many pitches in a violent windsquall, and finally staggered into camp at 14:00 as the storm was upon them.

(1978 Torngat Mountain Expedition, A Report to the Newfoundland Dept. of Tourism, Ray Chipeniuk, 1979.)


Selamiut Tower
(4750'; 58° 55.60' -63° 44.78'; 569319; Map: 14L13)

Topographic Map of Selamiut Tower: Click for map.

Ray Chipeniuk, Ron Parker and Erik Sheer, 1978 (first ascent): The summit team, together with Donna Hackett and Ron Wilson, made their way from the base camp on the McCormick River up Brook Four and Selamiut Brook, over loose angular fragments of rock through the stupendous chasm between Selamiut Tower and Gneissberg. They climbed over a box-canyon lip to Windgap Tarn and then over more talus and some loose snow to the col (about 3700') between the Tower and the ridge to the north leading to Torngasoak. This route essentially circled the Tower from the south and around the west side to the north side (see the map).

From the col they estimated that an alternate route up Tower Brook which drains Tower Tarn on the north side of the Tower would be difficult due to the amount of debris on the headwall above Tower Tarn.

They discovered the north-east face was not suited to climbing, being composed primarily of rotten red gneiss, and so they started up the north-west face. This involved about 300' of scrambling up steep scree and talus but they then faced a cliff band of 400' to 500' of elevation, which ran along the entire face and which could not be circumvented. All five in the party scrambled through the cliffs independently but they soon decided to split the group and Donna and Ron Wilson stayed behind at the cliffs while the other three went on ahead. Moves on this section were no harder then YDS 5.3 and furthermore they thought careful route selection might have reduced the climbing to a matter of scrambling up ledges and gullies.

After surmounting the cliffs, the summit party reached the plateau and arrived at the summit peak about 8 hours after leaving base camp. A cairn was built on the summit which was in a direct line-of-site to their base camp, 4300' below.

The party then descended and rejoined the other members and despite a forced march back to camp, a few members of the group did not return to camp till after 21:30, 14:30 hours after leaving.

(1978 Torngat Mountain Expedition, A Report to the Newfoundland Dept. of Tourism, Ray Chipeniuk, 1979.)


Peak 5100 (North Caubvick)
(5100+'; 58° 53.60' -63° 43.28'; 583282; Map: 14L13)

Topographic Map of North Caubvick: Click for map.

(Photo of North Caubvick)
Peak 5100 (North Caubvick)
from the south-east
Photo: Hazen Russell, Iapetus Ocean Expeditions (1982)
Dartmouth College group (John Stix, Jill Fredston, Jim McIntyre, Steve Thompson, Anna Burack and John Slocum), 1979 (first ascent): The group approached Peak 5100 starting from Windgap Tarn along the long ridge line which goes south about a mile from the tarn and then swings to the south-east for about another two miles.

From the summit plateau an arête stretches south and becomes the North Ridge of Caubvick/d'Iberville and another arête heads north between two glaciers to Mount Erhart. This peak is in the very heart of the central Selamiuts.


Starshape Mountain
(4650'; 58° 58.09' -63° 37.60'; 639365; Map: 14L13)

Topographic Map of Starshape: Click for map.

(Photo of Starshape Mountain)
Starshape Mountain
Photo: Geological Survey of Canada (1982)
John Andrachuk (solo), 1978 (first ascent): This is thought to be the first ice climb of any peak in the Torngats. John forded the McCormick about a half mile upstream (north) of the base camp, crossed Cirque Brook and traversed the extremity of Starshapes south-west ridge and then started working his way up Starshape Brook. Starshape Brook headed into the kind of ice-gully John was looking for. The couloir at the far right margin of the picure is thought to be the route John climbed.

After about 30 rope lengths of climbing on excellent ice, starting from about 2700', he attained the fractured rock on the south-east ridge. He then scrambled up the few hundred feet remaining to the summit, moving first north-west and then due west. He raised a small cairn.

He returned to camp via the same route arriving at 21:00 after a 12 hour day.

(1978 Torngat Mountain Expedition, A Report to the Newfoundland Dept. of Tourism, Ray Chipeniuk, 1979.)


Peak 5074 (443295)
(5074'; 59° 54.23' -63° 57.97'; 443295; Map: 14L13)

Topographic Map of 5074: Click for map.

Dartmouth College group (John Stix, Jill Fredston, Jim McIntyre and Steve Thompson), 1979 (first ascent): From the Palmer River the group scrambled up the steep western wall of the river valley up the stream gulley at 490303, about 3 miles upstream (south) of their base camp. After reaching the uplands at about 2500', they circled around several small ponds to the north and then approached the ridge leading to Peak 4900 by scrambling up a snow gulley and a talus slope. Heading due west along the broad ridge they encountered a huge ice field which they then crossed. Above the ice field they attained the broad summit of peak 4900 heading slightly south of west from the top of the ice field. A quick lunch was taken as the weather was thickening. Their altimeter read in excess of 5000'.

Peak 5074 was about a mile due south, separated from Preak 4900 by about a 400' drop to a col. They traversed this ridge in steadily worsening conditions of wet snow and near zero visibility and reached the summit of 5074 where they broke out the Dartmouth Outing Club Flag and took the obligatory summit shots.

They headed back across the col towards 4900 and, turning east, recrossed the icefield. Looking for a better route than the snow and talus gulley they had ascended, they found a long 1000' vertical drop snowfield which they glissaded down on their boots and rear ends. After a long day in miserable weather, they found their reward at the end.

(Stix, John, "Northern Labrador Expedition", Explorers Journal, December 1981)


Mount Razorback
(3510'; 59° 10.36' -63° 14.66'; 765591; Map: 14M03)

Topographic Map of Razorback: Click for map.

Mount Razorback is an immense jagged crest that stands guard on the north at the entrance to Nachvak Fiord. Alexander Ford, whose seminal 1931 expedition mapped this area, said: "Nothing along the whole coast of Labrador is so spectacular". Noel Odell, the geologist and mountaineer on the expedition, upon summiting the west peak in 1931, said: "Without a parallel on all the American coast. ... the situations and scenery were in effect a blend of Norway, the Coolins and the Charmoz, though one hesitates to drive analogies, claimed in moments of exuberence, too far!"

Ray Chipeniuk, Ron Parker and Erik Sheer, 1978 (first ascent): The team was transported by boat to a landing they christened "Bivouac Cove" which was on the ocean side of the mountain about 2 miles north of the entrance to the fiord. The team hiked easily up along a brook to the west for about a mile and then turned north passing Razorback Tarn in about another mile and arrived at Razorback Glacier. Turf gave way to bedrock or stable talus which gave way to firm snow laying over the glacier which could be climbed without kicking steps. The team steered to the east side of the glacier, avoiding the bergschrund, and entered a gully which after about 600'of scrambling led to the east ridge.

They topped out on the ridge and ascended on excellent granite. (A rare species knowm as "charnockite".) The climbing was continuously exposed and demanding. If not for the limited time available every pitch would have been roped, but in the situation only one pitch was roped and another belayed. Otherwise the team soloed "carefully but quickly and masterfully".

The ridge rose in succesive steps, each harder than the last until near the top they reached the crux which offered a choice of a chimney topped by a roof with a window, which would not have permitted a retreat once commited, or a series of very narrow ledges with lie-back corners with no horizontal holds. The latter was chosen and Ray and Erik soloed up past this area to the ridge top from which they belayed Ron up. This 50' pitch was estimated to be YDS 5.4 to 5.6. From there to the summit it was but a pleasnt walk over the rather flat crest.

They arrived at the summit at 5:00 PM with late afternoon sun slanting through snow. Upon observing the narrow ridge which connected the summit to the west peak, Chipeniuk wrote: "Nobody wondered any longer why Odell had chosen not to cross the "Aiguilles Ridge" to Razorback's true summit: it was just one needle-sharp gendarme after another, many of them leaning into space like spectators straining not to miss the climax of an exciting event in a sports arena".

Descent was accomplished by several rappels and some "dicey" downclimbing. They arrived back at the cove at 10 PM but as agreed, their boat had already left with two other climbers and so they established a not-unpleasant bivouac.

(1978 Torngat Mountain Expedition, A Report to the Newfoundland Dept. of Tourism, Ray Chipeniuk, 1979.)


Group expeditions and Tours

I

ve tried to assemble a representative collection of past expeditions and tours to this region. These include some treking tours, a canoe trip, and a hunting guide service. I have no idea of how reliable any of these groups are or how qualified their guides are. Just stuff I found on the web. Caveat emptor! If you find any other interesting listings for past or future guided tours, let me know and I'll include them here.

Torngat Private Search Expedition: Andrew Lavigne's excellent, if sobering, account of the August 2004 search expedition to Mount Caubvick, organized by Roland Hanel and Jack Bennett, the purpose of which was to locate the remains of Susan Barnes and Daniel Pauze, who were lost on Mount Caubvick in August of 2003.

 
Labrodor Odyssey 2001: The Hide-Away Canoe Club chronicles their 2001 trip up the Labrador coast, across the Torngats, and down the Koroc River. Impressive!
 
Expedition to the Torngat Mountains: A treking group sponsored by what appears to be a German company who found themselves in the Torngats for two weeks almost by accident.
 
 
Adventures.com: A group sponsoring guided backpacking tours. I do not believe this includes any climbs of major peaks.
 
Labrador-caribou.com: Guided hunting trips.
 
Naturetrek.ca: A group sponsoring nature oriented trips to the Torgats. Here are some impressive photos from one of their trips: Nature Trek photos. You must be a paid member of Bivuoac.com to view these photos.
 


List of Torngat Peaks by Elevation


(Photo of Caubvick/d'Iberville)
Mount Caubvick/Mont d'Iberville from
the east, the Minaret Glacier in the foreground
Photo: Geological Survey of Canada (1982)
M

ost atlases or gazetteers of Canada list only a few of the peaks in the Torngats. But a careful study of the available maps reveals a vast number of peaks, most of then unnamed. The following list includes separate sections for peaks in the Kaumajet Mountains (a small coastal range around Cape Mugford about 40 miles south of Saglek Bay, considered the southern terminus of the Torngats) and the Kiglapait Mountains (a range encompassing the islands and mainland near the village of Nain, another 60 miles to the south).

Peak names: All names listed are names officially recognized by the Canadian government except names listed in quotations e.g. "North Caubvick", which are not officially recognized but are in general use. When there is an unofficial name in use as well as an official name, the unofficial name is included in parentheses after the official name e.g. Mount Erhart ("Margaret Toth").

Unnamed peaks are designated by their elevation, e.g. Peak 5000. Since the table includes both the NTS Map number and the abbreviated UTM coordinates for each peak, it easy to find unnamed peaks (or any peak) on the appropriate maps and when thus qualified, e.g. "Peak 5000, Map 24P01, UTM 328519", gives a unique designation (since there may be several unnamed peaks with the same elevation).

Since many of the peak names are not standardized in the available literature (gazatteers, climbing reports, etc.), and the notation for unnamed peaks varies, it is always best to identify a peak by its elevation and location (UTM or latitude/longitude) in addition to its name.

Elevation and prominence units: All elevations and prominence values are given in feet since the original sources (the NTS maps) for this region use this unit exclusively. Although many atlases and other sources now use meters, we have not converted these data to that unit since the hiker and climber will likely be using the available maps.

Elevations: For peaks with no spot elevation available (and most peaks fall into this category), the elevation of the highest contour surrounding the peak is used. Given that the contour intervals on the maps is in all cases 100', these elevation values will be multiples of 100' and the actual elevation may be up to 100' higher. A plus sign ("+") is added to the elevation value in the list to indicate this uncertainty.

Prominence: For a discussion of prominence, check Aaron Maizlish's excellent site: Peaklist.org. In a nut shell, prominence measures how high a peak stands above its col or saddle to the next higher peak. Many enthusiasts favor prominence as a measure of the "quality" of a peak, and often they use the nick name "Finest" to categorize the most prominent peaks in a particular area. Eliminating low prominence peaks from a list, serves to "weed out" inconsequential bumps that surround prominent peaks. For a prominence map of the Torngats (created by Greg Slayden) showing the 2000+' prominent peaks and the divides (ridge lines) and saddles connecting them, click here: Torngats Prominence Map.

Since prominence values depend on the height of the col to the next higher peak, and since these are known only from the next higher countour shown on the maps, the actual prominence may be up to 100' higher than listed (or up to 200' higher if the peak elevation is not a spot elevation). Prominence values calulated this way are called "clean prominence", and because of this uncertainty, they should be considered lower bounds for the actual prominence.

UTM notation: see above, in the map section for an explanation of UTM and the abbreviated UTM notation used on this page to give locations.

Datum used for locations: All location information (both UTM and latitude/longitude) use the NAD27 Canada datum, since this is used on all the maps. In point of fact, the difference bewtween these values and those given using WGS84 would not be significant given the accuracy of the maps: about 60m east/west and about 220m north/south. Obviously, hikers should not depend on the values given (or any value that can be read from the available maps) to find the exact location of any feature.

First ascent: Where the first ascent of a peak is known, the year of the ascent is listed in the "Ascent" column and a description of the ascent is linked, giving the members of the party, the date and any details of the ascent which are known, such as route and conditions.

Listing criteria: My ultimate goal is to identify all peaks with a prominence of 500' or more (plus any named peaks with lower prominence). However, since the actual prominence of most peaks in this region is uncertain and may be up to 200' greater (see above), I would also hope to identify all peaks with between 300' and 500' of prominence. Given the high relief of the terrain in this area, this would be well nigh impossible. So I have applied some secondary criteria: start with peaks above 4000' and list all of those with 300' or greater prominence (and rank those with 500' or more of prominence). Next, for lower peaks, list those with 500' or more of prominence and work down. As a work in progress, I believe we are very close to the first group (the 4000s) and I am slowly working my way down through the 3000s. For lower peaks I have initially tried to find peaks with 1000'or more of prominence and have listed them.

The List: The following list is built from the same data as the lists on Greg Slayden's site: Peakbagger.com (based on work by Greg and myself) and aside from minor formatting differences, should be identical to Greg's lists. By clicking on a peak name, a page of details from Greg's site is presented in a separate window.

List of Torngat Peaks by Elevation
Peaks List copyright 2004 Greg Slayden based on work by Greg Slayden and Papa Bear
RankElev.Prom. NameNTS MapUTM1LocationAscent
1 5420 4485  Mount Caubvick ("L1") 14L13 591275 58.8874 -63.7104 1973
- 5419 0  Mont D'Iberville 14L13 591275 58.8873 -63.7104 1973
2 5232 2332  Torngarsoak Mountain 14L13 545340 58.9451 -63.7907  
3 5144 2644  Cirque Mountain 14L13 676312 58.9211 -63.5620  
4 5100+ 4200  Peak 5100 24I16 399324 58.9293 -64.0436  
4 5100+ 6002  "North Caubvick" 14L13 584282 58.8934 -63.7213  
6 5074 1674  Peak 5074 14L13 443295 58.9038 -63.9662  
7 5049 549  Mount Erhart (Margaret Toth) 14L13 585293 58.9033 -63.7203  
8 5023 923  Jens Haven (Gneissberg) 14L13 576303 58.9118 -63.7366  
9 5000+ 3600  Peak 5000 24P01 328519 59.1027 -64.1732  
9 5000+ 2500  Peak 5000 24I16 370357 58.9581 -64.0946  
- 5000+ 300  "Mount Erhart - East Peak" 14L13 593294 58.9043 -63.7061  
11 4951 2951  Innuit Mountain 24P01 361469 59.0582 -64.1143  
12 4900+ 900  Peak 4900 24P01 335497 59.0835 -64.1603  
- 4900+ 400  Peak 4900 14L13 438315 58.9215 -63.9760  
- 4900+ 300  "South Innuit Mountain" 24P01 358455 59.0462 -64.1191  
- 4849 149  Packard Mountain 24P01 355443 59.0354 -64.1242  
13 4824 2424  "Mount Barnes-Pauze" 14L13 482222 58.8386 -63.8966  
14 4800+ 1200  Peak 4800 14L13 621243 58.8587 -63.6573  
15 4800+ 500  Peak 4800 24I16 350332 58.9357 -64.1286  
16 4786 3786  Peak 4786 14L12 450410 58.6754 -63.9487  
17 4766 1666  Mount Cladonia 14L13 665369 58.9724 -63.5835  
18 4751 951  Mount Silene 24I16 417382 58.9811 -64.0150  
19 4750 950  Selamiut Tower 14L13 570319 58.9266 -63.7463  
20 4700+ 1900  Peak 4700 24I16 400194 58.8118 -64.0394  
20 4700+ 700  Peak 4700 24P01 322543 59.1248 -64.1847  
20 4700+ 600  Peak 4700 24I16 418277 58.8874 -64.0102  
20 4700+ 500  Peak 4700 24P01 330534 59.1167 -64.1702  
- 4700+ 400  Peak 4700 14L13 427357 58.9586 -63.9966  
24 4686 3586  Peak 4686 14L12 606913 58.5621 -63.6767  
25 4650 1850  Starshape Mountain 14L13 640365 58.9682 -63.6266  
- 4632 332  Peak 4632 14L13 687346 58.9518 -63.5440  
26 4556 656  Peak 4556 14L13 650313 58.9220 -63.6087  
27 4553 3253  Mount Eliot 14M04 531604 59.1816 -63.8201  
28 4534 1334  Peak 4534 14L13 439215 58.8314 -63.9713  
29 4500+ 1800  Peak 4500 14L12 548947 58.5926 -63.7782  
30 4500+ 1200  Peak 4500 24P01 293504 59.0891 -64.2340  
- 4500+ 400  Peak 4500 24I16 384394 58.9912 -64.0718  
31 4449 3349  Mount Tetragona 14M05 476745 59.3076 -63.9203  
32 4400+ 4200  "Four Peaks High Point" 14M12 436983 59.5209 -63.9963  
- 4400+ 300  Peak 4400 24I16 329328 58.9311 -64.1648  
33 4300+ 3000  Peak 4300 14L11 920945 58.5929 -63.1370  
33 4300+ 2700  Peak 4300 24P01 280599 59.1737 -64.2602  
33 4300+ 1600  "West Koroc Mountain" 14L12 499710 58.7034 -63.8641  
33 4300+ 500  Peak 4300 14M04 555604 59.1827 -63.7782  
37 4249 1049  Mount Faunce 14M04 513599 59.1774 -63.8519  
38 4200+ 2300  Peak 4200 24P01 244635 59.2053 -64.3236  
38 4200+ 900  Peak 4200 14L13 700270 58.8840 -63.5198  
38 4200+ 600  Peak 4200 24P01 310547 59.1278 -64.2055  
- 4200+ 300  Peak 4200 14L13 703290 58.9016 -63.5151  
41 4137 2337  Mont Jacques-Rousseau 24P07 116726 59.2851 -64.5509  
42 4100+ 3200  "Four Peaks - South Peak" 14M05 456922 59.4668 -63.9605  
42 4100+ 2000  Peak 4100 24P01 298435 59.0272 -64.2231  
42 4100+ 1700  Peak 4100 14L12 482926 58.5729 -63.8899  
42 4100+ 900  Peak 4100 24P01 307602 59.1773 -64.2128  
42 4100+ 600  Peak 4100 24P01 232656 59.2241 -64.3461  
- 4100+ 400  Peak 4100 24P01 308623 59.1957 -64.2113  
- 4100+ 300  Peak 4100 24P01 300610 59.1840 -64.2252  
47 4077 2577  Mount Pinguksoak 14L06 891744 58.4121 -63.1867  
48 4000+ 2200  "Four Peaks - East Peak" 14M12 470972 59.5119 -63.9369  
48 4000+ 1200  Peak 4000 24I16 354244 58.8562 -64.1190  
50 3950 950  Koroc Mountain 14L12 544720 58.7045 -63.7863  
51 3945 2445  Peak 3945 14M04 617548 59.1322 -63.6691  
52 3900+ 2100  Peak 3900 14L05 594714 58.3836 -63.6948  
52 3900+ 1300  Peak 3900 14L12 662854 58.5100 -63.5805  
52 3900+ 800  Adler Lookout 14L13 624295 58.9054 -63.6518  
55 3891 2191  Quartzite Mountain 14L14 763349 58.9553 -63.4121  
56 3881 2581  Blow Me Down Mountain 14L14 945142 58.7697 -63.0943  
57 3800+ 2200  Mount Goetze 14L11 941860 58.7198 -63.1017  
57 3800+ 1800  Peak 3800 14M04 590582 59.1625 -63.7169  
57 3800+ 1400  Precipice Mountain 24P01 325594 59.1699 -64.1807  
57 3800+ 800  East Qarqaaluk Mountain 14L12 458902 58.5510 -63.9314  
61 3700+ 1900  Peak 3700 14L11 891864 58.5200 -63.1876  
61 3700+ 900  Mount Ford 14M04 528518 59.1043 -63.8245  
63 3679 2179  Mount Kaputyat 14M04 437519 59.1047 -63.9833  
64 3600+ 2100  Peak 3600 14L11 763918 58.5678 -63.4081  
64 3600+ 2100  Peak 3600 14L10 300350 58.6735 -62.9483  
66 3510 2510  Mount Razorback 14M03 765591 59.1726 -63.4110  
67 3507 907  Mont Qarqaaluk 24I09 384890 58.5393 -64.0580  
68 3500+ 2700  Kutyaupak Mountain 14M04 468458 59.0499 -63.9280  
68 3500+ 2600  "Four Peaks - North Peak" 14M12 449200 59.5543 -63.9751  
70 3400+ 2000  Peak 3400 24P08 403762 59.3220 -64.0483  
70 3400+ 1800  Peak 3400 14L11 990112 58.7428 -63.0167  
70 3400+ 1700  Mount Gerfalcon 14M04 656530 59.1166 -63.6006  
70 3400+ 1200  Peak 3400 14L06 714788 58.4509 -63.4899  
74 3300+ 2100  Peak 3300 14M05 551699 59.2676 -63.7879  
74 3300+ 1000  Peak 3300 14L05 630769 58.4334 -63.6335  
76 3100+ 1300  Peak 3100 14M04 704585 59.1666 -63.5175  
77 3009 2409  Mount Cornelius 14M05 456820 59.3746 -63.9570  
78 3000+ 2900  "North Aulatsivik Island High Point" 24P16 393240 59.7513 -64.0797  
78 3000+ 2000  "Four Peaks - Southeast Peak" 14M05 509903 59.4498 -63.8668  
80 2970 2770  Kammarsuit Mountain 14M03 793488 59.0800 -63.3610  
81 2800+ 2400  Peak 2800 24P16 172457 59.9426 -64.4823  
82 2700+ 2500  Ikordlearsuk Mountain 25A01 187553 60.0285 -64.4580  
82 2700+ 2400  Peak 2700 14M03 727451 59.0460 -63.4750  
82 2700+ 2000  Peak 2700 14L07 168795 58.4574 -62.7114  
82 2700+ 1700  Peak 2700 14M05 487801 59.3581 -63.9027  
82 2700+ 1400  Peak 2700 14L07 177773 58.4376 -62.6964  
87 2600+ 1900  Peak 2600 14M03 774447 59.0403 -63.3930  
88 2500+ 2000  Peak 2500 24P09 436155 59.6757 -64.0022  
89 2363 2263  Peak 2363 14M03 866441 59.0378 -63.2334  
90 2300+ 2000  Peak 2300 14L14 964261 58.8770 -63.0620  
90 2300+ 1900  Peak 2300 14M05 686697 59.2671 -63.5505  
92 2100+ 2000  Mount Bache 24P16 400344 59.8448 -64.0714  
93 2000+ 1900  Peak 2000 25A01 175672 60.1353 -64.4849  
List of Kaumajet Peaks by Elevation
RankElev.Prom. NameNTS MapUTM1LocationAscent
1 4000+ 3900  Brave Mountain 14E16 579157 57.8812 -62.0239  
2 3652 952  Bishop's Mitre 14F13 603173 57.8955 -61.9831  
3 3300+ 2900  The Finger 14E16 524197 57.9182 -62.1154  
3 3300+ 2400  Peak 3300 14F13 621122 57.8496 -61.9538  
5 3000+ 3000  "Cod Island High Point" 14F13 719105 57.8323 -61.7889  
6 2700+ 2100  Peak 2700 14F12 784973 57.7128 -61.6844  
7 2600+ 1700  Peak 2600 14F13 786470 57.7796 -61.6776  
8 2500+ 2500  "Drachart Island High Point" 14E16 482275 57.9885 -62.1851  
List of Kiglapait Peaks by Elevation
RankElev.Prom. NameNTS MapUTM1LocationAscent
1 3445 3145  Man O'War Peak 14C13 809145 56.9686 -61.6692  
2 3400+ 2200  Peak 3400 14E02 254394 57.1991 -62.5789  
3 3300+ 2000  Peak 3300 14E01 354228 57.0493 -62.4164  
3 3300+ 700  Peak 3300 14E02 282412 57.2150 -62.5334  
5 3200+ 2100  Peak 3200 14E01 421250 57.0685 -62.3061  
6 3100+ 1300  Peak 3100 14E01 339396 57.2003 -62.4397  
7 3000+ 3000  Mount Thoresby 14C14 940950 56.9211 -61.4566  
7 3000+ 2100  Aupalukitak Mountain 14E01 437355 57.1629 -62.2782  
7 3000+ 1200  Peak 3000 14D16 320109 56.9424 -62.4735  
7 3000+ 1100  Peak 3000 14D16 357149 56.9784 -62.4119  
11 2900+ 2400  Peak 2900 14D16 433149 56.9774 -62.2882  
11 2900+ 2000  Peak 2900 14D16 418760 56.8904 -62.0983  
11 2900+ 400  Peak 2900 14E01 549530 57.0917 -62.3604  
14 2800+ 2700  Mount Lister 14D09 613842 56.6994 -61.9987  
14 2800+ 1900  Peak 2800 14F04 869330 57.1341 -61.5643  
14 2800+ 1900  Peak 2800 14E08 365463 57.2600 -62.3950  
14 2800+ 1400  Peak 2800 14E08 324453 57.2518 -62.4629  
18 2700+ 1500  Peak 2700 14D15 243971 56.8194 -62.6021  
18 2700+ 1200  Peak 2700 14F03 924333 57.1357 -61.4737  
20 2600+ 2400  Peak 2600 14E01 516320 57.1300 -62.1478  
21 2600+ 2000  Peak 2600 14E07 284589 57.3742 -62.5272  
22 2500+ 900  Peak 2500 14D15 180830 56.9200 -62.7040  
23 2400+ 1600  Peak 2400 14D16 412450 56.8847 -62.3237  
23 2400+ 1200  Peak 2400 14C13 881370 56.8704 -61.5555  
23 2400+ 300  Peak 2400 14E01 378344 57.1530 -62.3760  
26 2300+ 600  Peak 2300 14E02 249430 57.2317 -62.5883  
27 2200+ 800  Peak 2200 14D10 261861 56.7200 -62.5730  
28 2000+ 900  Peak 2000 14D09 471300 56.8700 -62.2270  
29 1900+ 900  Peak 1900 14E07 208557 57.3455 -62.6551  
30 1900+ 900  Peak 1900 14E07 302516 57.3085 -62.4991  
31 1700+ 1100  Peak 1700 14D16 491400 56.8470 -62.1950  
31 1700+ 1100  Peak 1700 14D16 360915 56.7681 -62.4107  
33 1500+ 1500  Peak 1500 14C12 916662 56.5336 -61.5113  
Notes:
1 The "UTM" column gives the 6 digit abbreviated UTM cordinates as explained in the map section.
2 The low point on the North Ridge is shown on map 14L13 as 4600-4700'. Photographs would indicate a value of 4500' is more probable, increasing the prominence of "North Caubvick" to about 600'.


Bibliography

General:

 
Down North, Melvin Baker and Robert H. Cuff (1993). An on-line historiographical overview of Labrador including its history, culture and native people.
 
1978 Torngat Mountain Expedition A report to the Newfoundland Dept. of Tourism by Ray Chipeniuk, 1979. An expanded version of the 1979 CAJ article.
 
Not Won in a Day by Jack Bennett. An account of the authors quest for the highpoints of Canadas provinces. This includes an informative chapter of his trek to the Torngats to bag the high points of both Quebec and Newfoundland & Labrador. You can order it on-line from from Rocky Mountain Books.
 
Trekking Through Northern Labrador - A Womans Odyssey, Marilyn Bursey ISBN 1550565893.
 
Our Footprints are everywhere, Brice-Bennett, Carol ed, Labrador Inuit Association, (1977). An excellent volume about the Labrador Inuit.
 
Northernmost Labrador Mapped From The Air, Alexander Forbes. New York: American Geographical Society, (1938). Classic surveying expedition of the Labrador coast.
 
"The Geology and Physiography of Northern Labrador", N. E. Odell. A chapter from the above works by Alexander Forbes. An excellent overview of the underlying geology and subsequent shaping of the area by uplift and erosion, particularly by glaciers.

Mountaineering Journal Articles:

 
Odell, NE, "Explorations in the Mountains of Northern Labrador", CAJ, Vol. 20, 1931
Goetze, Christopher, "Sketches of an Arctic Trip", Appalachia, June 1974
Adler, Michael, "Mt. Goetze", CAJ, Vol. 63, 1980
Chipeniuk, RC, "Quebec Pirate Robs Newfoundland of Highest Peak in Torngat Mtns", CAJ, Vol. 61, 1978
Chipeniuk, RC, "North Labrador Coastal Cliffs", CAJ, Vol. 61, 1978
Chipeniuk, RC, "A Second Climbing Voyage to the Torngats", CAJ, Vol 62, 1979
Baxter, Brian, "Torngat Mountain Expedition 1979", CAJ, Vol. 63, 1980
Stix, John, "Northern Labrador Expedition", Explorers Journal, December 1981
Radak, Eric, "The 1980 Torngat Expedition by Kayak", Appalachia, June 1981
Rogerson, RJ, "First Newfoundland Ascent of Caubvick", CAJ, Vol. 66, 1983
Timothy Kelliher, "5th Ascent of Minaret Ridge and 1st Ascent of North Ridge", AAJ, 1984

Some Classics:

 
The Lure of the Labrador Wild, Dillon Wallace (1905).
 
The Long Labrador Trail, Wallace (1907).
 
A Womens Way Through Unknown Labrador, Mina Hubbard (1908).
 
Great Heart, J.W. Davidson and John Rugge (1988). A retelling of some classic adventures.
 


Click here for an album of photos of the Torngats
 
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